In the 17th century, the Swahili coast was conquered and came under the direct rule of the Omani Arabs, who expanded the slave trade to meet the demands of plantations in Oman and Zanzibar. He won with 50.51% of the vote in March 2013. The World Bank estimated growth of 4.3% in 2012.[145]. The main tourist attractions are photo safaris through the 60 national parks and game reserves. In 1952, Princess Elizabeth and her husband Prince Philip were on holiday at the Treetops Hotel in Kenya when her father, King George VI, died in his sleep. The official residence of … There has been growing concern, especially during former president Daniel arap Moi's tenure, that the executive was increasingly meddling with the affairs of the judiciary. Because the operations of the armed forces have been traditionally cloaked by the ubiquitous blanket of "state security", the corruption has been hidden from public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety. Following the defeat, Raila Odinga again petitioned the results in the Supreme Court, accusing the electoral commission of mismanagement of the elections and Uhuru Kenyatta and his party of rigging. [129], Kenya's armed forces, like many government institutions in the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations. [79] Following skirmishes in the aftermath of the elections, 5,000 people were killed and a further 75,000 others displaced from their homes. The colonial government decided to hold Kenya's first referendum in 1962 to check the willingness of Somalis in Kenya to join Somalia[60], The result of the referendum showed that 86% of Somalis in Kenya wanted to join Somalia, but the British colonial administration rejected the result and the Somalis remained in Kenya.[61][62]. [35] The Bantus originated in West Africa along the Benue River in what is now eastern Nigeria and western Cameroon. Two million wildebeest migrate a distance of 2,900 kilometres (1,802 mi) from the Serengeti in neighbouring Tanzania to the Masai Mara[108] in Kenya, in a constant clockwise fashion, searching for food and water supplies. The Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) is ranked 4th in Africa in terms of market capitalisation. [94], In 2017, Uhuru Kenyatta won a second term in office in another disputed election. [54], At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, the governors of British East Africa (as the protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa initially agreed on a truce in an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities. Declaration of Human Rights. [200] However, the 2011 UNAIDS Report suggests that the HIV epidemic may be improving in Kenya, as HIV prevalence is declining among young people (ages 15–24) and pregnant women. A small portion of the population relies on food aid. Kenya has 16 major faunal reserves designated as National parks, National Reserves and Game Reserves administered through the Game Department of Kenya and by County Councils. Kenya's climate varies from tropical along the coast to temperate inland to arid in the north and northeast parts of the country. [72][73] The Kenya Students Union, Jehovah Witnesses and all opposition parties were outlawed. However, English, Kiswahili, and mathematics are compulsory subjects. In the report, the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) reported these in their key finding "e)", stating that the forced disappearances and extrajudicial killings appeared to be official policy sanctioned by the political leadership and the police.[139][140]. These schemes are managed by the National Irrigation Board and account for 18% of irrigated land area in Kenya. The president, who is the head of state and head of government, is popularly elected for a five-year term and is eligible for a second term. Cricket is another popular sport, also ranking as the most successful team sport. [103], Kenya has considerable land area devoted to wildlife habitats, including the Masai Mara, where blue wildebeest and other bovids participate in a large-scale annual migration. Despite its impressive commercial approach and interests in the country, Kenya's academia and higher education system is notoriously rigid and disconnected from the needs of the local labour market and is widely blamed for the high number of unemployable and "half-baked" university graduates who struggle to fit in the modern workplace.[213]. [95] This ruling solidified the position of the Supreme Court as an independent body. At its height, its authority stretched over the entire length of the Swahili Coast, including Kenya. [87] As a result, the elections of 2007 took place following the procedure set by the old constitution. [115] The 2002 elections marked an important turning point in Kenya's democratic evolution in that power was transferred peacefully from the Kenya African National Union (KANU), which had ruled the country since independence, to the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC), a coalition of political parties. Horticultural produce and tea are the main growth sectors and the two most valuable of all of Kenya's exports. Throughout the centuries, the Kenyan coast has played host to many merchants and explorers. [84] His win was strongly criticised by his major opponents, Kibaki and Odinga, as being fraudulent. [36] The Bantu migration brought new developments in agriculture and ironworking to the region. [182] Cushitic groups also form a small ethnic minority, as do Arabs, Indians, and Europeans. [88] This made Odinga the second prime minister of Kenya. [123], The British Army Training Unit Kenya (BATUK) is used for the training of British infantry battalions in the arid and rugged terrain of the Great Rift Valley.[124][125]. [220][221] The women's team has competed at the Olympics and World Championships, though without any notable success. There are also a number of local hip-hop artists, including Jua Cali; Afro-pop bands such as Sauti Sol; and musicians who play local genres like Benga, such as Akothee. The operation effectively placed Nairobi under military siege. These 47 counties form the first-order divisions of Kenya. Spreading to other parts of East Africa, in the Neol Kisumu City is the third largest city and also an inland port on Lake Victoria. The British began counter-insurgency operations. [216] The Kenyan Ministry of Sports has tried to stop the defections, but they have continued anyway, with Bernard Lagat being the latest, choosing to represent the United States. [143] The Mau Mau, also known as the Kenya Land and Freedom Army, were primarily members of the Kikuyu ethnic group. It was quickly suppressed by forces commanded by Chief of General Staff Mahamoud Mohamed, a veteran Somali military official. Republic of Kenya, ACtHPR, Application No. Since 2003, the literary journal Kwani? Locations are usually named after their central villages/towns. With a GNI of 1,460,[15] Kenya is a lower-middle-income economy. [224][225][226] Kenya was once also a regional powerhouse in football. With a population of more than 47.6 million people in the 2019 census, Kenya is the 29th most populous country. Although it held on to power, KANU won 100 seats and lost 88 seats to the six opposition parties. Sixty percent of Kenyan Muslims live in the Coastal Region, comprising 50% of the total population there, while the upper part of Kenya's Eastern Region is home to 10% of the country's Muslims, where they constitute the majority religious group. To protect their interests, the settlers banned the growing of coffee, introduced a hut tax, and the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. But there are some things that we must admit we don't share. [79][81], The elections of 1992 marked the beginning of multiparty politics after more than 25 years of rule by KANU. [147][148] [77] This was seen as the climax of a very undemocratic regime and it led to widespread agitation for constitutional reform. [167], In 2007, the Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030. Under the new constitution and with President Kibaki prohibited by term limits from running for a third term, Deputy Prime Minister Uhuru Kenyatta ran for office. Kenya is a compact state with many smaller cultural sub-divided states within. The capture of Waruhiu Itote (nom de guerre "General China") on 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure for the British. Wiley Publishing: Hoboken, NJ, Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Water and Irrigation (2009), Somali ethnic people in the present-day Kenya, Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC), Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen), List of cities and towns in Kenya by population, maintain some traditional beliefs and customs, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics", "Demographic Yearbook – Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density", "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics", "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Results", "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects (valuation of Kenya GDP)", "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019", https://kenya.opendataforafrica.org/msdpnbc/2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-population-by-county-and-sub-county?county=1001880-limuru, "Kenya now third-largest economy in sub-Saharan Africa", "Victorian Electronic Democracy - Final Report - Table of ContentsVictorian Electronic Democracy - Final Report - Glossary", "GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | Data", Ethiopia GDP purchasing power 2010: 86 billion, Kenya GDP purchasing power 2010: 66 Billion, "The African Lions: Kenya country case study", "Scientists Are Amazed By Stone Age Tools They Dug Up In Kenya", "A Cultural Leap at the Dawn of Humanity - New finds from Kenya suggest that humans used long-distance trade networks, sophisticated tools, and symbolic pigments right from the dawn of our species", "Long-distance stone transport and pigment use in the earliest Middle Stone Age", "History and Origin of Swahili – Jifunze Kiswahili", "Swahili Culture Guide – The Rise and Fall of Swahili States", "Diamond Jubilee: the moment that Princess Elizabeth became Queen", "Uncovering the brutal truth about the British empire", https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1963/apr/03/northern-frontier-district-of-kenya, "Kenya, 1962: Enumeration Forms in English", "Post-Independence Low Intensity Conflict in Kenya", "Land Conflict and Distributive Politics in Kenya", https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/16/archives/kenya-10-years-independent-emerges-as-a-model-of-stability-the.html, https://www.nytimes.com/1974/01/16/archives/letters-to-the-editor-birth-rates-and-energy-use-the-questionable.html, https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL100011974ENGLISH.PDF, "Wagalla massacre: Raila Odinga orders Kenya probe", Many Voters Stay Home as Kenya Drops Secret Ballot in Parliamentary Election, "KENYA: parliamentary elections National Assembly, 1992", "Clashes, elections and land - church keeps watch in Molo", "Kenya History Timeline - historic overview of Kenya, Africa", "A look at Kenya's elections history since independence in 1964", "Of Oranges and Bananas: The 2005 Kenya Referendum on the Constitution", "FACTBOX-East African common market begins", "The Standard | Online Edition :: Somalia government supports Kenyan forces' mission", "Red Cross warns of catastrophe in Turkana", "Kenya: schools close as famine takes hold in Turkana", U.N. Says Famine in Somalia Is Over, but Risks Remain, "Supreme Court upholds Uhuru's election as president", "Kenya election rerun to go ahead after court fails to rule on delay", "Kenya court decision demonstrates respect for rule of law | IDLO", "President Uhuru Kenyatta declared winner of repeat presidential election", "Kenya climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation, best time", "Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy", Climate Change in Kenya focus on Children, "Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa", "New road threatens Africa's 'wonder of the world' wildebeest migration", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "The Criminal Justice System and Eroding Democracy After Independence – Page 12", A short history of the 2010 Kenya constitution, "International observers declare Kenyan elections fair", "The Turning Point: Free Primary Education in Kenya – NORRAG", "Africa | Free secondary schools for Kenya", "Kenya president signs tough 'anti-terror' law", "Why Obama Is Visiting Senegal, South Africa and Tanzania But Not Kenya", "In snub to Washington, Kenyan president visits China, Russia first", "KEGORO: Circumstances created need that made visit possible", "Kenya Defence Forces Act – No. By the end of the emergency, the Home Guard had killed 4,686 Mau Mau, amounting to 42% of the total insurgents. The largest share of Kenya's electricity supply comes from geothermal energy,[160] followed by hydroelectric stations at dams along the upper Tana River, as well as the Turkwel Gorge Dam in the west. [161] The state-owned Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen), established in 1997 under the name of Kenya Power Company, handles the generation of electricity, while Kenya Power handles the electricity transmission and distribution system in the country. READOUT OF USAID ACTING ADMINISTRATOR JOHN BARSA’S TRAVEL TO THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA Readout For Immediate Release Tuesday, October 6, 2020 Office of Press Relations Email: press@usaid.gov The following is attributable to Acting Spokesperson Pooja Jhunjhunwala: U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Acting Administrator John Barsa traveled to the Republic of Kenya … Kenya currently imports all crude petroleum requirements. Other than the public schools, there are many private schools, mainly in urban areas. Kenyatta and his family were tied up with this corruption as they enriched themselves through the mass purchase of property after 1963. On the east and north-east, it borders Somalia. For those who proceed to the secondary level, there is a national examination at the end of Form Four – the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE), which determines those proceeding to the universities, other professional training, or employment. [156][157], Kenya's inclusion among the beneficiaries of the US Government's African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) has given a boost to manufacturing in recent years. Irrigation is carried out on individual or on group farms averaging 0.1–0.4 ha. Other important u… [171] Kenya has ratified Convention No. Despite major achievements in the health sector, Kenya still faces many challenges. [19], The Republic of Kenya is named after Mount Kenya. On the heels of the Garissa Massacre of 1980, Kenyan troops committed the Wagalla massacre in 1984 against thousands of civilians in Wajir County. [110], Kenya is a presidential representative democratic republic with a multi-party system. Available from: Amnesty International Annual Report 1973-1974. The smallest administrative units in Kenya are called locations. Exactly 12 months later on 12 December 1964, Kenya became a republic under the name "Republic of Kenya". [209], Children attend nursery school, or kindergarten in the private sector until they are five years old. They also participated in the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. Rape, defilement, and battering are not always seen as serious crimes. Kenya, 10 Years Independent, Emerges as a Model of Stability. Uhuru Kenyatta won in a disputed election result, leading to a petition by the opposition leader, Raila Odinga. Imperial rivalry was prevented when Germany handed its coastal holdings to Britain in 1890. David Anderson (2003) reports the elections were judged free and fair by local and international observers, and seemed to mark a turning point in Kenya's democratic evolution.[85]. Additionally, Kenya has also been nurturing emerging versatile authors such as Paul Kipchumba (Kipwendui, Kibiwott) who demonstrate a pan-African outlook (see Africa in China's 21st Century: In Search of a Strategy (2017). In what are by Kenyan standards unprecedented revelations, in 2010, credible claims of corruption were made with regard to recruitment[130] and procurement of armoured personnel carriers. Kenya is a presidential representative democratic republic, in which elected officials represent the people and the president is the head of state and government. In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He, representing the Ming Dynasty, visited the East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'. Kenya's best-known athletes include the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and two-time world champion Catherine Ndereba, 800m world record holder David Rudisha, former marathon world record-holder Paul Tergat, and John Ngugi. In Kenya, the management and control of the company has, through forgery, crime and complicity of the Republic of Kenya, been taken over by Kamlesh Pattni”. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}1°N 38°E / 1°N 38°E / 1; 38. About 25,000 tonnes of ilmenite was flagged off the Kenyan coastal town of Kilifi. Primary school is for students aged 6/7-13/14 years. Locations often coincide with electoral wards. In 2005, Kenyans rejected a plan to replace the 1963 independence constitution with a new one. Harvests and agricultural production which account for about 33%[104] of total Gross Domestic Product (GDP)[105] are also at risk. Kenya’s economy was performing well prior to the global shock with accelerating growth, contained inflation and current account deficits, and a resumption of fiscal adjustment to tackle rising public debt vulnerabilities. [52] They and most of their descendants later remained in Kenya and formed the core of several distinct Indian communities such as the Ismaili Muslim and Sikh communities. [37], By the 1st century CE, many of the city-states such as Mombasa, Malindi, and Zanzibar began to establish trading relations with Arabs. [122] In July 2015, Obama visited Kenya, the first American president to visit the country while in office. This work, which included linking producers to wholesalers, helped to increase local producer prices by 20–25% in Nairobi and Mombasa. The supreme court upheld the election results and President Kenyatta began his term with William Ruto as the deputy president. Zilizopendwa is a genre of local urban music that was recorded in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s by musicians such as Daudi Kabaka, Fadhili William, and Sukuma Bin Ongaro, and is particularly enjoyed by older people—having been popularised by the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation's Kiswahili service (formerly called Voice of Kenya or VOK). The e-visa can be obtained through www.evisa.go.ke 129 on labour inspection in agriculture.[172]. (3) The State shall–-–- (a) promote and protect the diversity of language of the people of Kenya; and (b) promote the development and use of indigenous languages, Kenyan Sign language, Braille and other communication formats and technologies accessible to persons with disabilities.".
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